FastAPI ile Modern REST API Geliştirme

Neden FastAPI?

FastAPI, Python dünyasında hızla yükselen, modern, hızlı (high-performance) web API framework'ü. Starlette ve Pydantic üzerine kurulu, otomatik API dokümantasyonu sunuyor.

FastAPI vs Diğerleri

Örnek API Endpoint

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from pydantic import BaseModel
from typing import Optional

app = FastAPI()

class Product(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    description: Optional[str] = None
    tax: Optional[float] = None

@app.post("/products/", response_model=Product)
async def create_product(product: Product):
    # Automatic validation with Pydantic
    return product

@app.get("/products/{product_id}")
async def read_product(product_id: int, q: Optional[str] = None):
    if product_id < 1:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Product not found")
    return {"product_id": product_id, "q": q}

Authentication & Security

• OAuth2 with JWT tokens
• API key authentication
• CORS middleware
• Rate limiting
• Request validation

Best Practices

• Dependency injection kullanımı
• Background tasks için Celery entegrasyonu
• SQLAlchemy ile async database operations
• Alembic ile database migrations
• pytest ile comprehensive testing